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ackman678
2016-11-16 15:18:00 -08:00
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2016-10-16-lecture09.md
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@@ -95,7 +95,9 @@ pain, temperature, itch | free nerve endings | C (**unmyelinated**) | 0.2–1.5
</div>
<!-- <figure><figcaption class="big">Types of somatosensory afferents linking receptors to the CNS</figcaption><img src="figs/Neuroscience5e-Tab-09.01_copy_653cef2.jpg" height="400px"><figcaption>Neuroscience 5e Table 01</figcaption></figure> -->
<!--
<figure><figcaption class="big">Types of somatosensory afferents linking receptors to the CNS</figcaption><img src="figs/Neuroscience5e-Tab-09.01_copy_653cef2.jpg" height="400px"><figcaption>Neuroscience 5e Table 01</figcaption></figure>
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@@ -334,7 +336,7 @@ pacinian corpuscle
## Activity patterns in different mechanosensory afferents as Braille is read
<figure><img src="figs/Neuroscience5e-Fig-09.06-0_aaf10ad.jpg" height="500px"><figcaption>Neuroscience 5e Fig. 9.6</figcaption></figure>
<figure><img src="figs/Neuroscience5e-Fig-09.06-0_aaf10ad.jpg" height="400px"><figcaption>Neuroscience 5e Fig. 9.6</figcaption></figure>
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@@ -995,8 +997,8 @@ Innervation of same neuron in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
## Pain perception is subjective
* Rubbing the site of injury can make pain less severe
* Pain is somewhat subjective. Depends on context. Soldiers wounded in battle feel less pain than if one gets the same injury at home
* Rubbing the site of injury can make pain less severe. Soldiers wounded in battle feel less pain than if one gets the same injury at home
* Pain can be subjective. Depends on context.
* There is a descending pain pathway that can impinge on the dorsal horn to quiet neurons
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@@ -1017,9 +1019,6 @@ Note:
## Modulation of ascending pain signal transmission
1. Axons from neurons with mechanoreceptors can synapse onto inhibitory interneurons in spine to dampen pain response
2. Descending pathways from the brainstem can dampen pain response
<div><img src="figs/Neuroscience5e-Fig-10.08-1R_09cfa4c.jpg" height="300px"><figcaption>Neuroscience 5e Fig. 10.8</figcaption></div>
@@ -1027,7 +1026,7 @@ Note:
enkephalins, endorphins, dynorphins— present in the periacq. gray matter, ventral medulla, and in spinal cord regions in dorsal horn.
Also CB1 and endocannabinoids work similiarly here in the dorsal horn.
Also CB1 and endocannabinoids work similiarly here in the dorsal horn. CB1 on presynaptic terminals of dorsal horn nociceptive terminals can be activated by endocannabinoid release in a retrograde fashion and decrease the release of neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamate. *Interestingly, the analgesic effecs of PAG stimulation is blocked if CB1 antagonists are administered* highlighting the importance of endocannabinoids in descending control of pain transmission.
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