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2014-06-13 11:05:29 -04:00
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README.md
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@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ Indeed one of the fundamental goals of the BRAIN Initiative funded by NIH, NSF,
reference | FOV info | figure snapshot
-------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------
[Yuste et al.][#Yuste:1992] | calcium imaging in tangential slices of barrel cortex L4 from P4-5 rats in figure2, and from somatosensory, visual and frontal cortices in general with coronal or tangential slices from P0-7. **500 x 575 µm FOV**. Mean domain size was 96 µm. 50 -120µm range. 'We found no differences in the size, shape, or frequency of domains in different cortical areas.' | ![](assets/img/yuste1992-fig2.png)
[Chiu & Weliky][#Chiu:2001] | linear MEA covering a **3.2 mm strip** across visual cortex Corr activity observed between cortical patches separated by mean distance of 1 mm | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_2.16.02_PM.png)
[Hanganu et al][#Hanganu:2006] | single electrodes or 4 shank linear MEAs placed in each hemisphere (0.5-1.0mm spacing, for **1.5-3.0mm total**) | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_2.36.18_PM.png)
[Adelsberger et al][#Adelsberger:2005] | optical fiber implant for freely moving neonatal mice with bulk loading, 400µm diameter FOV imaged in TeA or Ent | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_4.43.51_PM.png)
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ reference | FOV info
[Leinekugel et al][#Leinekugel:2002] | P4-6 rat hippocampus, cortex, 8 tip linear MEA (tungsten wires), 100-300µm vertical tip separation | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_4.00.40_PM.png)
[Khazipov et al][#Khazipov:2004a] | P1-6 rat somatosensory cortex, single electrode MUA and PC | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_4.10.07_PM.png)
[Yang et al][#Yang:2009] | 4x4 linear MEA 200µm spacing, **600µm total**, bilaterally in S1 barrel cortex | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_3.54.37_PM.png)
[Yang et al][#Yang:2012a] | **2.6 x 2.6 mm FOV**, VSD imaging in S1 cortex P0-7 rat. Spont and evoked activity in C2 barrel. 8shank x 4site silicon probe linear MEA (200µm separation, 1.4mm total) | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_2.26.32_PM.png)
[Yang et al][#Yang:2012a] | **2.6 x 2.6 mm FOV**, VSD imaging in S1 cortex P0-7 rat. Spont and evoked activity in C2 barrel. 8shank x 4site silicon probe linear MEA (200µm separation, 1.4mm total). Activations were 300-400µm diam and 70% synchronized 1-2 barrel columns wide from P0-7. At P7 there was sig incr in activations synch >6 barrel columns. | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_2.26.32_PM.png)
[Golshani et al][#Golshani:2009] | 2P-MCI in mouse S1 **478 x 186 µm FOV** | ![](assets/img/Screen_Shot_2013-09-04_at_4.13.14_PM.png)
monkey and human | EEG performed prenatally [#Vanhatalo:2005][#Tolonen:2007], no fMRI prenatally, (or infant?) but has been done in children for resting state connectivity |
@@ -86,15 +87,6 @@ For example:
* Other slice calcium recordings, patch/gap junctions. In vivo physiology? (Not too many multisite electrode recordings in cortex, spatial resolution issue).
* Calcium imaging-- Konnerth 'waves' in Ent cortex [#Adelsberger:2005]. For visual cortex, domains activity in extrastriate cortex (Ackman Nature 2012). But S1-- [#Golshani:2009] work in later postnatal-- but activity not obeying domains in barrel cortex-- problem with spatial sampling in the xy and the z for this study?
### Cortical domain activity is state dependent
* EEG slow oscillations not detectable until P10 in rodent.
* Previously demonstrated that general anesthesia abolishes spontaneous activity in visual system [#Ackman:2012].
* What about ongoing activity in other cortical areas during early brain development? Surgical procedure relevance.
* No population calcium activity found during gen'l anesthesia, only slow traveling waves.
* During anesthesia induction, rapid (<30 s) knock down of discrete domain activity (P3 mouse <120518_09.tif>). Cingulate, retrosplenial activations the last to go-- default mode/resting state network areas last.
<120518_09_mjpeg.mov>
### Cortical activity is mirrored between the hemispheres
* Inter hemispheric functional connectivity, importance for autism, schizophrenia. Maybe an activity-dependent mechanism for commisural connectivity.
@@ -105,6 +97,15 @@ For example:
* Regional effects, more corr anticorr in certain regions?
* State dependent corr?
### Cortical domain activity is state dependent
* EEG slow oscillations not detectable until P10 in rodent.
* Previously demonstrated that general anesthesia abolishes spontaneous activity in visual system [#Ackman:2012].
* What about ongoing activity in other cortical areas during early brain development? Surgical procedure relevance.
* No population calcium activity found during gen'l anesthesia, only slow traveling waves.
* During anesthesia induction, rapid (<30 s) knock down of discrete domain activity (P3 mouse <120518_09.tif>). Cingulate, retrosplenial activations the last to go-- default mode/resting state network areas last.
<120518_09_mjpeg.mov>
### Conclusions
* **Ongoing activity in developing cortex is not random**-- specifically coordinated in space and time within and among cortical areas between the hemispheres